Architecture Billings Downward Trajectory Continues
Economic uncertainty dampens architecture demand, impacting future growth
THE MOST RECENT REPORT: April 23, 2025
WASHINGTON – March brought continued challenges for architecture firms, as the AIA/Deltek Architecture Billings Index (ABI) recorded a score of 44.1, indicating that many firms are still experiencing declining billings.
September 2022 marked the end of the post-pandemic billings surge for architects. Since then, billings have declined 27 of the last 30 months. For two consecutive months, inquiries into new projects have dropped, and newly signed design contracts have seen a decline for an unprecedented 13 months straight.
“Clients are increasingly cautious about starting projects due to uncertainty over future trends in interest rates and building materials costs, as well as the potential for an economic slowdown,” said Kermit Baker, PhD, Hon. AIA, AIA Chief Economist. “Unfortunately, this softness in firm billings is likely to continue as indicators of future work remain weak, however, the average project backlog at firms stands at a reasonably healthy 6.5 months, offering a bit of a buffer if future project work continues to remain soft.”
Key ABI highlights for March include:
- Regional averages: South (48.3); Midwest (45.5); West (43.0); Northeast (40.5)
- Sector index breakdown: institutional (46.2); mixed practice (firms that do not have at least half of their billings in any one other category) (46.1) commercial/industrial (45.1); multifamily residential (40.3)
- Project inquiries index: 47.7
- Design contracts index: 42.4
Regional and sector categories are measured as three-month moving averages and may not align with the national score.
Inside Lighting strives to accurately report certain data on the day it is reported by the AIA, but updates to past data with new three-month rolling averages might not be made. For official and most current reports, refer to the AIA ABI numbers. All ABI data is sourced from the AIA.
Interpreting the ABI:
The Architecture Billings Index (ABI) is a leading economic indicator of construction activity. It is produced by the American Institute of Architects (AIA) and it reflects the approximate nine-to-twelve month lead time between architecture billings and construction spending.
The ABI is based on a monthly survey of architecture firms that asks respondents to rate the level of their billings (or the amount of new design contracts) as either "increase," "decrease," or "no change" from the previous month. The results are then compiled into an index, where a score above 50 indicates an increase in billings, and a score below 50 indicates a decrease in billings.
The ABI is widely used in the construction industry, as well as by economists and analysts, to track the health of the construction market and to forecast future building activity. It is considered a leading economic indicator because changes in architecture billings often precede changes in overall economic activity, such as employment and GDP.
The ABI provides a snapshot of the demand for design services as well as an indication of the near-term outlook for the construction industry.
The survey panel asks participating architectural firms whether billings increased, decreased or stayed the same in the month that just ended. According to the proportion of respondents choosing each option, a score is generated, which represents an index value for each month.
- An index score of 50 indicates no change in firm billings versus the previous month.
- A score above 50 indicates an increase in firm billings versus the previous month.
- A score below 50 indicates an decrease in firm billings versus the previous month.
- NOTE: Index numbers cited for the last three reported months are preliminary.
- The regional and sector categories are calculated as a 3-month moving average, whereas the national index, design contracts and inquiries are monthly numbers.
Source: The American Institute of Architects (AIA)
National Architecture Billings Index
Source: The American Institute of Architects (AIA)
RELATED: Historical ABI Data 2008 - 2022 »
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Regional Architecture Billings Index
(Three month rolling average)
Source: The American Institute of Architects (AIA)
Sector-Specific Architecture Billings Index
Three-month rolling average
Commercial/Industrial
Buildings related to commerce and industry. Office space, banks, retail, factories, etc.
Institutional
Schools, civic/government buildings, museums, hospitals, etc.
Multifamily Residential
Town homes, apartment complexes, condominiums, etc.
Mixed Practice
Firms that do not have at least half of their billings in any one other category.
Source: The American Institute of Architects (AIA)
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